Dimenzije objektnih odnosov pri osebah z avtističnimi motnjami kot podlaga za krepitev veščin socialne povezanosti
Povzetek
V prispevku so predstavljeni izsledki študije, ki se je osredinila na dimenzije objektnih odnosov pri osebah z avtističnimi motnjami. Objektni odnos označuje odnos s pomembno drugo osebo, znotraj katerega potekajo številni identifikacijski procesi prek pomembne čustvene izmenjave. To opisuje razvojni proces separacije in individuacije, ki primarno poteka pri otrocih od rojstva do tretjega leta življenja. Čeprav primanjkljaji v socialnih odnosih predstavljajo najbolj tipične značilnosti avtizma, je na tem področju še vedno veliko negotovosti. Na podlagi teoretičnega ozadja smo postavili hipotezo, da se razlike v značilnostih objektnih odnosov pri osebah z avtističnimi motnjami v primerjavi z značilnostmi objektnih odnosov pri osebah brez avtističnih motenj kažejo v večji izraženosti motenj v objektnih odnosih, zlasti v izrazitejših dimenzijah večje socialne izolacije in simbiotičnega zlivanja. Kvantitativni raziskovalni vzorec je obsegal 38 odraslih oseb z avtističnimi motnjami z normalnimi intelektualnimi sposobnostmi in 100 odraslih oseb brez avtističnih motenj. Za zbiranje podatkov je bil uporabljen t. i. test objektnih odnosov, ki meri posamezne dimenzije objektnih odnosov. Rezultati kažejo, da med obema skupinama anketirancev obstajajo statistično pomembne razlike, saj so dimenzije simbiotičnega zlivanja, socialne izolacije in separacijske anksioznosti izrazitejše pri odraslih z avtističnimi motnjami. Te ugotovitve služijo kot podlaga za oblikovanje strokovne podpore osebam z avtističnimi motnjami z namenom spodbujanja avtonomije za krepitev veščin, potrebnih za socialno povezanost in socialno vključenost.
Prenosi
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