Študija primera o praksah izvajanja standardnega algoritma pisnega deljenja med slovenskimi šestošolci
Povzetek
Obvladovanje pisnega deljenja ostaja pomembna vsebina pouka matematike, saj krepi algoritmično, multiplikativno in relacijsko mišljenje. V tej raziskavi preučujemo različne prakse, ki se jih slovenski učenci šestega razreda poslužujejo pri pisnem deljenju z večmestnim deliteljem. Raziskava se osredinja na področje, ki je v didaktiki matematike večinoma še slabo raziskano, in temelji na videoposnetkih 27 učencev, kar omogoča natančno analizo njihovih zapisanih postopkov in utemeljevanj. Ugotovljeni so bili štirje glavni tipi praks deljenja, ki segajo od pisnega deljenja na dolg način do pisnega deljenja na kratek način. Večina sodelujočih učencev je sicer izvajala dolgi način pisnega deljenja s kratkim zapisom delnega deljenca in delne razlike ter s stranskimi izračuni za množenje in odštevanje. Postopki računanja učencev so se razlikovali tudi v načinih določanja delnih količnikov, vmesnih produktov in vmesnih razlik. Delo brez stranskih izračunov se je izkazalo za časovno učinkovitejše. Ugotovitve naše raziskave kažejo potrebo po eksplicitnem poučevanju načinov zapisovanja postopkov in izbire strategij pri pisnem deljenju. Z zagotavljanjem empiričnih vpogledov v dejanske prakse deljenja učencev študija prispeva k teoriji in razredni praksi ter usmerja oblikovanje učbenikov, učnih načrtov in programov izobraževanja učiteljev
Prenosi
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